What is Artificial Intelligence? Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think, learn, and problem-solve like humans. It's technology that enables computers to perform tasks that typically require human cognition—such as understanding language, recognizing patterns, making decisions, and learning from experience. History of AI 1950s - The Beginning Alan Turing proposed the "Turing Test" (1950) to measure machine intelligence The term "Artificial Intelligence" was coined by John McCarthy in 1956 First AI programs like Logic Theorist were created 1960s-1970s - Early Optimism ELIZA (1966): Early chatbot simulating a psychotherapist SHAKEY (1969): First mobile robot with AI Expert systems emerged 1980s-1990s - AI Winter & Revival Funding cuts due to unmet expectations ("AI Winter") Machine Learning gained traction IBM's Deep Blue defeated chess champion Garry Kasparov (1997) 2000s-2...